Socio-Cultural Strategy

Socio-Cultural Strategy

Strategies for expanding and deepening the Arbaeen walk with an emphasis on scientific articles from the last ten years

Document Type : Original Article

Authors
Seyed Pouya Rasoulinejad 1
Akbar Shahbazi 2
1 Assistant Professor, Department of Islamic Social Sciences, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran (Corresponding author).
2 Master's student in Muslim Social Science, Department of Islamic Social Sciences, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
10.22034/scs.2025.497708.1653
Abstract
The Arbaeen ceremony is one of the largest contemporary religious gatherings that has had a very large involvement in Iranian society. The aim of this article is to identify the different dimensions of this phenomenon in the research conducted with the aim of helping to improve and develop its quality and quantity. The present study, using the method of systematic review and analysis of scientific articles published in the period 1403-1393, examines the different dimensions of Arbaeen and its effects on social, cultural and identity actions. The findings of the research, which were obtained by reviewing 32 articles published in scientific and research journals in the field of social sciences, show that most studies have focused on qualitative and interpretive approaches and have placed special emphasis on the specific social world of Arbaeen and the temporary suspension of instrumental rationality and social stratifications in this ceremony. Also, various articles emphasize the need to develop transportation infrastructure, strengthen international cooperation, and preserve the cultural and popular authenticity of Arbaeen. Researchers have emphasized the importance of preserving the cultural and popular authenticity of the Arba'in ceremony and have warned that government interference and the holding of official processions can damage the authenticity of the ceremony. Preserving the authenticity of the Arba'in phenomenon, improving infrastructure and proper management, and raising awareness among pilgrims are among the necessary measures to improve the quality of the Arba'in ceremony and make better use of this huge religious and social event.
Keywords
Arbaeen walk
cultural and social strategies
Shiite rituals
sociology of Arbaeen
Subjects
##Abdollahian, H. & Tabatabaei, M. (2021). A study of power and resistance relations in the contemporary world: An ethnographic study of the 2015 Arbaeen pilgrimage experience. Iranian Journal of Anthropological Research, 11(22), 33–67. (In Persian)##
##Ahmadi, A. (2018). Strategic implications of intercultural communication for Islamic convergence with an emphasis on the Arbaeen pilgrimage. Journal of Culture and Communication, 3(5), 17–38. (In Persian)##
##Bayat, G. & Ghasemi, M. (2020). Ritual communication in cyberspace: Representation of the Arbaeen pilgrimage on the BBC Persian website. Journal of Iranian Cultural Research, 13(50), 37–65. (In Persian)##
##Bayat, R. & Mousavi, S. M. (2018). An exploration of the Arbaeen pilgrimage ritual and its social and political impacts. Journal of Culture and Communication, 3(5), 93–116. (In Persian)##
##Blaikie, N. (2011). Designing social research: The logic of anticipation. Polity Press.##
##Bony Asad, R. (2020). Ethnography of the culture of the Arbaeen pilgrimage: Analyses and decision-making strategies in the institutions of the Islamic Revolution. Religion and Communication, 27(57), 57–95. (In Persian)##
##Foroughi, Y. (2020). A qualitative study of the motivations of Iranian pilgrims participating in the Arbaeen pilgrimage ritual. Religion and Communication, 27(57), 419–450. (In Persian)##
##Ghanbari Barzian, A. (2024). The impact of the Arbaeen pilgrimage rituals on strengthening identity in the Arabic-speaking community of Khuzestan (a grounded theory). Journal of Socio-Cultural Strategy, 13(52), 675–706. (In Persian)##
##Ghyiasi, H., Barzoui, M. R. & Nassiri, O. (2021). Analysis of the effects of religious rituals on family life: A case study of the Arbaeen pilgrimage ritual. Journal of Culture-Communication Studies, 22(56), 219–240. (In Persian)##
##Giyavian, A. & Amin, M. (2017). Love and identity in the mirror of the global Arbaeen display: A study of the nature, functions, and structure of the Arbaeen pilgrimage from the perspective of ritual communication. Religion and Communication, 24(52), 167–194. (In Persian)##
##Hashemi Moghadam, A. (2023). Anthropology of pilgrimage: A study on the pathology of the Arbaeen ceremony. Iranian Journal of Anthropological Research, 13(25), 215–233. (In Persian)##
##Kanani, F., Hassanzadeh, A., Elahi, S. & Tabatabaeian, S. H. (2018). Examining the application of foresight methods: A systematic review. Rahbord, 27(87), 5–33. (In Persian)##
##Karami Qahi, M. T. (2020). Understanding the experience of Iranian women in the Arbaeen pilgrimage. Social Sciences, (91), 1–38. (In Persian)##
##Karami, M. T. & Bazrafshan, M. M. (2014). Understanding Iraq through the lived experience of Iraqi Arbaeen pilgrims. Islam and Social Sciences, 6(12), 5–25. (In Persian)##
##Marayji, S. (2022). Sociological explanation of the Arbaeen pilgrimage and its social functions. Islam and Social Studies, 10(38), 7–32. (In Persian)##
##Mohsenzadeh, M. J., Darzban Rostami, H., Safaei, D. & Nejati Hosseini, S. M. (2021). The role of social networks in the religious credibility of Tehran’s youth: A case study of the Arbaeen ceremony. Religion and Communication, 28(60), 629–652. (In Persian)##
##Movahed, M., Niknejat, Z., Moaven, Z. & Hashemipour Sadeghian, M. (2020). Representation of the Arbaeen pilgrimage in cyberspace: Social semiotic analysis of Arbaeen pilgrimage photos on Instagram. Religion and Communication, 27(58), 411–445. (In Persian)##
##Parsania, H. (2013). Social worlds (1st ed.). Qom: Ketab-e Farda. (In Persian)##
##Pouyafar, M. R. (2020a). Iranian charity vs. Iraqi charity: A comparison of the pattern of religious charitable activities of Iranians and Iraqis in the Arbaeen pilgrimage ritual. Cultural Strategy, 13(52), 7–41. (In Persian)##
##Pouyafar, M. R. (2020b). Religious charity as a religious experience: Redefining types of religious experience through a study of the Arbaeen pilgrimage ritual. Journal of Iranian Cultural Research, 13(50), 87–115. (In Persian)##
##Pouyafar, M. R., Davari Moghadam, S. & Mohammadzadeh, Z. (2020). Mashhad to Karbala: A qualitative study of two pilgrimage rituals of the end of Safar (Mashhad) and Arbaeen (Karbala). Journal of Culture and Communication, 5(9), 105–140. (In Persian)##
##Rahmani, J. (2022). The Arbaeen pilgrimage: From utopia and ideology to heterotopia. Iranian Journal of Social Studies, 16(4), 55–76. (In Persian)##
##Ramazani Tamijani, S. (2020a). Examining the dimensions and components of collective participation in the Arbaeen pilgrimage. Religion and Communication, 27(57), 357–384. (In Persian)##
##Ramazani Tamijani, S. (2020b). Types and dimensions of collective participation in the Arbaeen pilgrimage. Journal of Iranian Cultural Research, 13(50), 117–143. (In Persian)##
##Ramazani, M. J. (2018). Strategies for localizing security in the Arbaeen ceremony based on the experiences of the Popular Mobilization Forces. Journal of Culture and Communication, 3(5), 69–92. (In Persian)##
##Razavi Zadeh, N. (2017). Perception and lived experience of Iranian pilgrims in Iraq (case study: Arbaeen pilgrimage, December 2014, Iraq). Iranian Journal of Social Studies and Research, 6(4), 595–631. (In Persian)##
##Saeedi Rezvani, M. & Gholami, F. (2022). Evaluation of the educational program of the Arbaeen phenomenon based on the lived experiences of pilgrims. Religion and Communication, 29(62), 153–190. (In Persian)##
##Shahrabi Farahani, M. (2021). Human spiritual perception of the grand religious event of Arbaeen Hosseini. Islam and Social Sciences, 13(25), 33–53. (In Persian)##
##Sharahi, E. & Zolfaghzadeh Kermani, M. M. (2019). Analysis of pilgrims’ perceptions of the behavior of volunteers in Arbaeen: An ethnographic narrative of the grand Arbaeen pilgrimage phenomenon. Religion and Communication, 26(55), 115–148. (In Persian)##
##Tabatabaei, S. M., Rasouli, M. R., Aghili, S. V. & Majidi Ghahroudi, N. (2023). Communicative dimensions of rituals in the contemporary world: The communication process in the Arbaeen pilgrimage. Journal of Culture-Communication Studies, 24(61), 7–32. (In Persian)##
##Taheri Mina, F. & Latifi, M. (2023). Determining the character of the Arbaeen pilgrimage ritual based on Jung’s archetypes. Religion and Communication, 30(63), 181–204. (In Persian)##
##Tajbakhsh, G. (2020). The Arbaeen pilgrimage and meaning-making of the pilgrimage act among young pilgrims. Journal of Iranian Cultural Research, 13(50), 145–168. (In Persian)##
##Tajbakhsh, G., Hosseini, M. R. & Mousavi, E. (2019). A qualitative study of the pattern of expressing the identity of Iranians and Iraqis in the Arbaeen pilgrimage ritual. Social Theories of Muslim Thinkers, 9(2), 9–36. (In Persian)##
##Veysi, A., Shakerinejad, M. & Albarzi, H. (2024). The Arbaeen pilgrimage as a medium for the Shia community. Religion and Communication, 31(65), 1–38. (In Persian)##
##Zokaie, M. S. & Eslami, R. (2020). Media representation of the Arbaeen pilgrimage rituals in Iran: 2013–2017. Journal of Iranian Cultural Research, 13(50), 1–36. (In Persian)##

  • Receive Date 14 January 2025
  • Revise Date 23 April 2025
  • Accept Date 26 April 2025